Researchers at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine in Cleveland have successfully used a new type of nerve graft to restore breathing in mice with paralytic spinal cord injuries.
• Breathing without a ventilator is the top priority of people with high spinal cord injuries.
• Using paralyzed lab mice, researchers grafted a nerve bridge across the spinal cord injury and then injected a bacterial enzyme to prevent scar tissue from impeding nerve growth and regeneration.
• New nerve cells grew out the end of the bridge near disconnected motor neurons that control the diaphragm. With the nerve tissue restored, natural breathing was restored.
Case Western Reserve University neuroscience professor Jerry Silver said the top priority of people who have been paralyzed by spinal cord injuries is to be able to breathe on their own, without a ventilator.
“Remarkably, walking is not at the top of the list,” Silver said on a YouTube video. “Nor is hand function. What’s most important for people with high spinal cord injuries, of course, is breathing.”
Silver’s research team has discovered a nerve-graft technique that could make that possible.
They successfully restored breathing in 11 lab mice with paralytic spinal cord injuries by attaching a bridge across the injured area of the spinal cord and injecting an enzyme there that regenerated lost nerve connections to the diaphragm, according to a report published Thursday in the weekly science journal Nature.
The researchers biologically restored the rodents’ breathing 80 to 100 percent. That has never before been done in any documented research.
“We’ve shown for the very first time that robust, long distance regeneration can restore function of the respiratory system fully,” Silver said.
Nerve grafts haven’t worked on spinal cord injuries because the scar tissue is embedded with molecules that inhibit nerve regeneration. Silver’s team got rid of the scar tissue by injecting a bacterial enzyme — Chondroitinase ABC — at both ends of the bridge that was grafted across the injured area of the spinal cord.
“Nearly 3,000 severed nerves entered the bridge and 400 to 500 nerves grew out the other side, near disconnected motor neurons that control the diaphragm,” the university’s press release stated. The enzyme successfully prevented the scar tissue from interfering with nerve growth and regeneration.
“All the nerves hook up with interneurons and somehow unwanted activities are filtered out but signals for breathing come through,” Silver said. “The spinal cord is smart.”
The restored breathing function was maintained at the same levels — 80 to 100 percent — months after treatment.
Here is a video about how the procedure works:
More study will need to be done before the procedure is used on people, but the results are very promising. Researchers do not yet know if the technique will work on an old injury.
Silver is now applying the same technique in lab mice to restore bladder function — the top priority of people with low spinal cord injuries.
The trial attorneys at Blackman Legal Group, a California-based law firm founded by renowned trial attorney Clifford Blackman, have been representing spinal cord injury victims for 35 years. The nationwide toll-free number to call for a free consultation is 1-866-692-8126.













